Show review: Tool @ Bill Graham Civic Auditorium 12/11/07

I have a new favorite mode of transportation and it's not the fucking bus. Although I do enjoy riding the fucking bus. It's watching Tool perform live. Their show at the Bill Graham Civic Auditorium surpassed being a rock concert, although it way rocked. It was spiritually elevating, to be both abonimably cheesy and extremely truthful. Now I'm far from being one of those Toolheads or whatever you want to call their fanboy/girl disciples. But their songs and visual presentation are too highly evolved to not notice superiority to 99% of bands around (Radiohead = 1% what!). The show wasn't perfect. I'm not enamored with "Jambi" as an opener; Adam Jones made a few technical mistakes; and although Maynard James Keenan stimulated my imagination by letting the audience sing the "Vicarious" finale, he really did pussy-out. But the setlist and lighting were magical. Highlights: "Schism," "Flood" and "Wings For Marie"/"10,000 Days," a song that never ceases to make me want to cry myself to death, but in a good way; the drumoff featuring Tim Alexander from Primus and Trans Am man during "Lateralus"; and the most surreal concert moment of 2007 when Jello Biafra of the Dead Kennedys joined Tool onstage for a cover of "Holiday in Cambodia." The guy looked like a punk rock Weeble from my vantage point at the mid-level center seats. But it was cool to witness such a silly moment sandwiched between such weighty music. Also, band not cranky = good; light show that simulates both heaven and a UFO abduction = good. The best part? All of the surprises. People like to complain about Tool's predictability, they have the same setlist every night, blah blah blah. The guys really threw a "wrench" (hardy har har, blech) into what fans expect of them. It all added up to the most complete Tool show I've been to - so far.

Radiohead knows how to please a woman

I read some interesting bits about how Radiohead cooks up its live setlists in an interview with guitarist Ed O'Brien mentioned today on ateaseweb.com: “We usually play two nights in a venue so we can actually play different sets each night. So, that’s cool. Phil, Thom and I do the setlists. Before a big gig the setlist meeting can go on for about three hours. It can start like this: Thom would say ‘we’re not going to play anything of OK Computer. We’re gonna play all the hard stuff’. And you go ‘OK, Alright’ and then you have arguements like ‘Don’t be stupid. Of course you have to play Paranoid Android. Don’t be rediculous. 20,000 people. These poor people came all this way and then play some obscure songs from a b-side.’ There is actually an answer. You want people to listen and you want to push them a bit. And you want to reward them for listening. So, it’s about dropping the songs at the right time. And also, it’s about a flow. Those gigs, when there’s ‘the band and the audience’… you know those when the top of your head comes off. It’s almost religious. You’re trying to work towards that as well.” I attended one of those "religious" types of gigs O'Brien refers to on June 24, 2006 at the Greek Theatre in Berkeley. Most magical setlist ever. Somehow the song choices of the previous night's show didn't add up to the same revelatory experience. Fingers crossed that they'll spoil me with two dates in the Bay Area on their May U.S. tour. Dates with Radiohead, ooh.

Free live music galore

Once upon a Thursday December 6, two friendly Berkeley record stores let a couple of indie rock bands play within one hour and one block of each other to make all the music lovers smile. Parker Street Cinema, an all-instrumental bass-piano-drums trio, performed first at Rasputin Music to a crowd of about 10, a surprising number because a) the band's roots trace to UC Berkeley and b) the drummer actually worked at Rasputin's. Nevertheless, they put forth remarkable energy despite the sparse audience. Their math rock gone classical sound dazzled in its uniqueness, the songs sparkled with complexity and the band rocked on the whole, but ultimately the lack of vocals couldn't help but create the feeling that something was missing. Soundtrack music to rescue princesses to. Would have been cool if the guys, all tight musicians who played wonderfully aggressive, had let out the odd spontaneous shout. Ow! Fuck a duck, I had to battle a smoke-breathing friend and thus arrived late and heard only two songs by Six Organs of Admittance at Amoeba Music. About 50 people witnessed this impressive one-man show play his totally compelling, first class gritty white man's bluesy folk music. Wielding a fierce acoustic guitar and wicked skills, this guy slayed me in a mere 10 minutes. And the piece de resistance? Catching (most of) Worker Bee's set at Cafe Pergolesi on Friday in Santa Cruz. I'm amazed every time I see these guys. Mesmerizingly powerful, blow-the-roof-off song dyanamics that startle the unaccustomed listener - like the 11-year-old boy at the cafe who jumped during the last blast of "Small Talker." The new stuff's the shit. And I lived happily ever after.

CD review: Arctic Monkeys - Favourite Worst Nightmare

For a band that was bigger than Jesus before their debut album was even released, the Arctic Monkeys have sure held up their end of the bargain. After the rocket ride ascent of Whatever People Say I Am, That’s What I’m Not up the charts in 2006, it's a wonder the band members, all barely 21 years old as they were thrust onto U.K. press pedestals, didn't explode under the pressure cooker spotlight, expose themselves as casualties of the hype machine or fall into rock drug traps when it came time to record their sophomore full-length. But the Sheffield quartet was too ambitious to cruise on one album's success for too long. While their patent nothing-flashy Brit punk sound didn’t change much on 2007's Favourite Worst Nightmare, the album proves to be anything but stale. Still relying on unfuckwitable melodies, sharp storytelling lyrics, ferocious guitar attacks and driving rhythms rather than musical innovation, the Arctic Monkeys show that songwriting talent and tight musicianship are enough to propel past the muddle of the boring same-old same-old. The 12 songs, clocking in at just under 40 minutes, flourish in their solid simplicity. Leadoff track “Brianstorm” mimics the sonic urgency and anthemic structure as Whatever's opener to bridge a natural progression from their debut. There's hit single potential everywhere; the irresistible pop hook of “Fluorescent Adolescent” ensures stuck-in-your-headness hours after the album ends. And the ballad “Only Ones Who Know” makes use of delicately subtle singing whale guitar riffs to shine the spotlight on singer Alex Turner's thick Yorkshire croon. That's not to suggest that the band doesn't have any tricks up its sleeve. While most of Turner's lyrics still center on character observations from his working class roots, in “Do Me a Favour” he delves into seemingly personal territory with the tale of a breakup brought on by temptations of life on the road. “Curiosity becomes a heavy load/Too heavy to hold/Will force you to be cold,” Turner sings from the dumper’s point of view. It's their most mature song to date, the music escalating in intensity as the romantic relationship unravels. The Arctic Monkeys still have some evolving to do, but it wouldn't be far-fetched to suggest that the standout track rightfully positions them on the same musical path as some of the greats.

Mmmmm. Radiohead's In Rainbows bonus disc

Yesterday Waste e-mailed me stating that my Radiohead In Rainbows "discbox has been despatched (sic)," and that it would arrive anywhere between five and 15 days. Ooh, that's awhile. I couldn't wait so I sopped up the inevitable Internet leak of the bonus disc's eight songs. I found the tracks kindly at YouTube. Totally brief first impressions from a Radiohead fanatic: "MK1" picks up where "Videotape" leaves off. "Down is the New Up" had me dancing around my room right away - it's fantastic and haunting at the end. "Go Slowly" contains a slowed-down guitar riff from "There There." It's a grower. "MK2" transitions. "Last Flowers" has Thom Yorke vocals that shine as much as, if not more than "Faust ARP." "Up on the Ladder" is an angry medieval metronome song. "Bangers and Mash" lost the sped-up surf frenzy of last year's live version. This one will have to grow on me too. "4 Minute Warning" was my least favorite of last year's new live tracks but they reworked it, and this recording is so good that I think it will be regarded as one of Radiohead's best songs. "This is just a nightmare/Soon I'm going to wake up." Tropical comfort. Amazing! Hurry up, post office. It's genius. Get yours.

Etiquette: Put away your camera phone and just enjoy the damn show!

OK people. I know that going to a concert is special and you want a memento besides that $45 T-shirt, but the incessant picture taking has got to stop. Seriously, whipping out a camera while an artist is pouring their heart out onstage is a fat, cystic zit on the face of human behavior. Bjork couldn’t contain her frustration with camera-happy crowds in an interview with the New Zealand Herald this week when she likened their rude technological disruptions to being ignored by a friend during an intimate dinner. And Band of Horses singer Ben Bridwell explained to Pitchfork a few months back about why the quest for material for personal blogs/videos/other projects during a concert is a ruinous distraction from the music, and people end up missing out on the very thing they intend to experience. Since when has brandishing the tools and ethics of your ordinary scumbucket paparazzi become acceptable and in some instances, admired? Let’s respect music, fellow concertgoers stuck behind visually-impairing photo-taking positions, the art of photography, and most important, yourself by keeping it in your pants … or purse, or whatever you carry your crap in. Want to reflect upon how great it was seeing Green Day perform “American Idiot” in its entirety without having to pull up that blurry shot of someone’s head blocking a diminutive stage? It’s called a memory. Use it or lose it. And c’mon - do you want to piss off your favorite band?

Rant: Bring me the heads of scalpers

Looking for concert tickets to a sold-out show should be frustrating. Duh, obvious. But no part of browsing the Craigslist tickets for sale section pisses me off more than coming across one particular word in posts: offer. “Make me an offer.” “E-mail me your best offer.” It’s faux kindness is what it is. Offer, ha, what a nice inviting word for such a dirty act of greed. Let’s not pretend you are being generous and letting me name the price. You’re not fooling me, shitknocker. Here’s an offer: How about you sell me the tickets for face value, jackass? Then I won’t write you off as a supreme fucknut dickface who will one day be rimming satan's asshole within the burning confines of hell. Did you know that in Singapore a scalper is flogged 76 times before being fucked in the ass until it kills them?

CD review: Marnie Stern - In Advance of the Broken Arm

You know how a band sounds when you unwittingly play a 33 rpm record on the 45 setting? Well apparently Marnie Stern always sounds like that. Stern, a New York native who has drawn accolades for her ferocious guitar skills, brings the same breakneck pace and melting pot diversity of her hometown into the high-speed complexity found on the 13 tracks composing her debut album. Too bad she didn’t leave out her tuneless voice, the one ingredient that throws off the entire recipe. Where do I begin? Female chipmunk on speed; the Powerpuff Girls after too many Red Bulls; that midget psychic from “Poltergeist” who keeps shouting into the light before declaring “This house is clean.” Stern’s little girl shrillness, spouting seeming nursery rhymes rather than singing, belies the big sound of her guitar shred. No doubt she’s a downright vibrant addition to the guitar world; if this album was purely instrumental, bring on thy rock crown. And the song arrangements, a collaboration between Stern and Hella’s Zach Hill, are admirable in their originality. Each track sounds like at least four songs kneaded into one proggy, wonderfully disjointed cacophony. But it takes no further than the second cut “Grapefruit” to realize that this album would perfectly complement an afternoon of running from bees. It’s just not listenable.

Show review: Wolf Parade @ The Great American Music Hall, 9/12/07

Wolf Parade wasted no time surging to the forefront of the indie rock scene. After a hasty formation in 2003, a hotshot debut opening for Arcade Fire and the release of just one full-length album, they quickly elicited drools from both fans and critics who hailed the band as the next big thing. The Montreal quintet, still at work on a forthcoming record rumored for an early 2008 release, offered a preview of new material at a sold-out show Sept. 12 at the Great American Music Hall in San Francisco .

While some crowds cringe at a band’s live straying from beloved favorites, Wolf Parade fans welcomed the new songs, which were alternated among cuts from “Apologies to the Queen Mary.” Musically, whatever Wolf Parade lacked in technically perfect re-creations of their songs they compensated for with spirit, with the band freely slowing down or speeding up tracks as they saw fit. The sluggishly carnal vibe of “You Are a Runner and I Am My Father’s Son” not only sparked the audience to back up the band with floor-rocking stomps, but its slackened pace created a powerful dynamic contrast amid a segue into the punk frenzied “Fancy Claps.”

Cryptic lyrics hinting at relationships dominate new tunes and build upon the band’s established tracks with dark themes that belie the pop sensibility of melodies. Compositions blend typical rock sound layers — straightforward guitar riffs and simple drum beats — with harmonic keyboard embellishments and whimsical effects that oftentimes simulate a hectic emergency situation in a spaceship control room. Wolf Parade could provide the soundtrack to a fairy tale — but only if the story takes place in another galaxy.

The unique range of the two singers shined brightly onstage despite competing with instruments played with such strong individual personalities that they commanded attention on their own. While the almost alien-sounding originality of keyboardist Spencer Krug’s voice is what makes the band revered among most fans, guitarist Dan Boeckner’s throaty, virile growl offers a charming and grounded counterpoint to Krug’s ethereality.

Audience enthusiasm seemed to intensify throughout the set. Not only did Wolf Parade inspire mass sing-alongs, unabashed dancing and spontaneous cheers, but during climactic show-closer “I’ll Believe in Anything” one blonde showed her excitement by giving the band a full-on two-minute breast parade sitting topless on the shoulders of an accomplice. It’s notable that a flamboyant spectacle typically witnessed at butt rock concerts and music festivals occurred at an indie show in such an intimate venue; not to mention the refreshing sight of Wolf Parade inciting a crowd known more for playing the role of the cool hipster spectator into unbridled hip-shakers and flashers.

Time will tell if Wolf Parade can keep up with the restless pace they set for themselves. But judging by the ADD nature driving band member side projects — including Krug’s Sunset Rubdown and Boeckner’s Handsome Furs, both touring this fall — they aren’t going just anywhere. They’re going everywhere.

Show-going's the best

I like to give rock music bands my money:

Panda Bear
The Fillmore, San Francisco
May 22, 2014

Failure
Great American Music Hall, San Francisco
May 14, 2014

Night Beats
Rickshaw Stop, San Francisco
April 23, 2014

Mogwai
Regency Grand, San Francisco
April 18, 2014

The Knife
Fox Theater, Oakland
April 15, 2014

Neutral Milk Hotel, Elf Power
Fox Theater, Oakland
April 10, 2014

Tool, Failure
Bill Graham Civic Auditorium, San Francisco
March 11, 2014

Mazzy Star
The Warfield, San Francisco
November 6, 2013

The Flaming Lips, Tame Impala
Bill Graham Civic Auditorium, San Francisco
October 31, 2013

Treasure Island Music Festival 2014: Atoms For Peace, Little Dragon, Major Lazer, James Blake, Animal Collective
Treasure Island, San Francisco
October 19-20, 2013

Atoms For Peace
Santa Barbara Bowl, Santa Barbara
October 17, 2013

Atoms For Peace
Hollywood Bowl, Los Angeles
October 16, 2013

Arctic Monkeys
Fox Theater, Oakland
September 27, 2013

Deerhunter
Great American Music Hall, San Francisco
August 26, 2013

My Bloody Valentine
Bill Graham Civic Auditorium, San Francisco
August 23, 2013

Outside Lands 2013: Paul McCartney, the National, Nine Inch Nails, Yeah Yeah Yeahs, Young the Giant, Jurassic Five
Golden Gate Park San Francisco
August 9-10, 2013

Bonnaroo 2014: Paul McCartney, Wilco, Foals, Diiv, Alt-J, Bjork, Four Tet, Tame Impala
Manchester, Tennessee
June 13-16, 2013

Tame Impala
Fox Theater, Oakland
May 29, 2013

Bjork
Craneway Pavilion, Richmond
May 25, 2013

The Black Angels
The Fillmore, San Francisco
May 17, 2013

Austin Psych Fest: The Black Angels, Deerhunter, Os Mutantes, Clinic, Roky Erickson, The Growlers, Boris, Tinariwen, Warpaint
Austin, Texas
April 26-28, 2013

Coachella 2013: Blur, Stone Roses, Yeah Yeah Yeahs, Modest Mouse, Alt-J, Johnny Marr, Jake Bugg, The Shouting Matches, Spiritualized, Puscifer, Savages, Grizzly Bear, New Order, Moby, Diiv, James Blake, Thee Oh Sees, Tame Impala, Wu-Tang Clan
April 19-21, 2013

Modest Mouse
Fox Theater, Oakland
April 10, 2013

Jeff Mangum
Rio Theater, Santa Cruz
March 24, 2013

Beak
The Independent, San Francisco
February 13, 2013

Psy, Carly Rae Jepsen (?!?)
Triple Ho Show, San Jose
December 14, 2012

Titus Andronicus
Great American Music Hall, San Francisco
November 12, 2012

Radiohead, Caribou
Ziggo Dome, Amsterdam
October 14, 2012

Moonface
The Independent, San Francisco
September 12, 2012

Entrance Band, Matt Baldwin
Brick & Mortar Music Hall, San Francisco
September 7, 2012

FYF Festival: FIDLAR, Moonface, The Vaselines, Fucked Up, James Blake, Quicksand, Father John Misty, Aesop Rock, Atlas Sound, Liars, Nicolas Jaar
Los Angeles State Park
Sept. 1-2, 2012

Liars
Great American Music Hall, San Francisco
July 5, 2012

Lower Dens
Independent, San Francisco
July 1, 2012

The Growlers
Independent, San Francisco
June 30, 2012

Primus
Santa Cruz Civic Auditorium, Santa Cruz
June 23, 2012

Mogwai
Regency Ballroom, San Francisco
June 1, 2012

Wintersleep
Bottom of the Hill, San Francisco
May 30, 2012

Spiritualized
The Fillmore, San Francisco
May 23, 2012

Coachella 2012: Radiohead, Pulp, At The Drive In, The Black Angels, Arctic Monkeys, Dr. Dre & Snoop Dogg, The Shins, Modeselektor, Noel Gallagher's High Flying Birds, Mazzy Star, The Horrors, The Black Lips, Bon Iver, We Were Promised Jetpacks, Gary Clark Jr., AWOL Nation, Company Flow, Oberhofer, The Growlers, Thunder Cat

Radiohead, Other Lives
Santa Barbara Bowl, Santa Barbara
April 12, 2012

Radiohead, Other Lives
HP Pavilion, San Jose
April 11, 2012

Jeff Mangum
Fox Theater, Oakland
April 9, 2012

Sage Francis
Independent, San Francisco
March 17, 2012

Atlas Sound, Electric Flower, Seventeen Evergreen, Carnivores, Frankie Broyles
Bimbo's, San Francisco
Feb. 25, 2012

Portishead, Thought Forms
Greek Theatre, Berkeley
Oct. 21, 2011

Treasure Island Music Festival: Flying Lotus, Battles, Shabazz Palaces
Treasure Island, San Francisco
Oct. 15, 2011

Beirut
Independent, San Francisco
Oct. 3, 2011

Hardly Strictly Bluegrass Festival: Robert Plant, Broken Social Scene
Golden Gate Park, San Francisco
Oct. 1-2, 2011

Outside Lands Festival: Arcade Fire, Arctic Monkeys, Black Keys, Erykah Badu, MGMT, Tuneyards, Girl Talk, Little Dragons, OK Go, Junip, The Joy Formidable, Ty Segall
Golden Gate Park, San Francisco
Aug. 12-14, 2011

BFD: Snoop Dogg, The Strokes, Bad Religion, Airborne Toxic Event, Middle Class Rut
Shoreline Amphitheater, Mountain View
June 5, 2011

Yeasayer
Fillmore, San Francisco
May 25, 2011

Man Man
Bimbo's, San Francisco
May 14, 2011

Mogwai
Regency Grand, San Francisco
May 9, 2011

Entrance Band
Slim's, San Francisco

April 15, 2011

Godspeed You! Black Emperor
Great American Music Hall, San Francisco
Feb. 20, 2011

A Perfect Circle
Fillmore, San Francisco
Nov. 16, 2010

Explosions in the Sky
Great American Music Hall, San Francisco
Nov. 15, 2010

Deerhunter
Slim's, San Francisco
Oct. 30 2010

Deerhunter
Great American Music Hall, San Francisco
Oct. 29, 2010

Treasure Island Music Festival: LCD Soundsystem, Deadmau5, Four Tet, Phantogram, Holy Fuck
Treasure Island, San Francisco
Oct. 16, 2010

Arcade Fire, Colin Stetson
Henry Miller Library, Big Sur
Oct. 5, 2010

The Flaming Lips, HEALTH
Fox Theater, Oakland
Oct. 2, 2010

Vampire Weekend, Beach House
Greek Theater, Berkeley
Sept. 25, 2010

Autolux, This Will Destroy You,
Great American Music Hall, San Francisco
August 11, 2010

Wolf Parade, Moools
Fox Theater, Oakland
July 30, 2010

The Dead Weather
The Warfield, San Francisco
July 22, 2010

Primus
Great American Music Hall, San Francisco
July 18, 2010

Tool
Arco Arena, Sacramento
July 13, 2010

Tool, Jello Biafra and the Guantanamo School of Medicine
Bill Graham Civic Auditorium, San Francisco
July 12, 2010

Pavement
Greek Theater, Berkeley
June 25, 2010

Entrance Band, The Growlers
New Parish, Oakland
June 24, 2010

Junip, Love Like Fire
Rickshaw Stop, San Francisco
June 18, 2010

Wintersleep
Independent, San Francisco
June 15, 2010

Coachella, Indio, Calif.
April 17-19, 2010

Atoms For Peace, Flying Lotus
Fox Theater, Oakland
April 15, 2010

Atoms For Peace, Flying Lotus
Fox Theater, Oakland
April 14, 2010

Deerhunter
Fox Theater, Oakland
April 13, 2010

Doctor Nurse
Blank Club, San Jose
April 9, 2010

Medeski, Martin & Wood
The Fillmore, San Francisco
Feb. 21, 2010

Erykah Badu
Fox Theater, Oakland
Feb. 19, 2010

Entrance Band
The Independent, San Francisco
Feb. 14, 2010

Devo
Regency Grand Ballroom, San Francisco
Nov. 7, 2009

Atlas Sound, Broadcast
Great American Music Hall, San Francisco
Nov. 3, 2009

Thom Yorke
Orpheum Theatre, Los Angeles
Oct. 4, 2009

Worker Bee
El Rio, San Francisco
Oct. 2, 2009

Entrance Band
Bottom of the Hill, San Francisco
Sept. 19, 2009

Nebula, Entrance Band, Kaura
Elbo Room, San Francisco
Aug. 4, 2009

Sonic Youth, Awesome Color
Fox Theater, Oakland
Aug. 2, 2009

Tortoise
Great American Music Hall, San Francisco
July 13, 2009

Grizzly Bear
Fillmore, San Francisco
June 21, 2009

Shellac
Great American Music Hall, San Francisco
June 17, 2009

Worker Bee
Kimo's, San Francisco
June 5, 2009

Animal Collective
Fox Theatre, Oakland
May 26, 2009

Sasquatch Festival
The Gorge, George, Wash.
May 23-25, 2009

Mogwai
Regency Grand Ballroom, San Francisco
May 17, 2009

Entrance Band
Great American Music Hall, San Francisco
May 7, 2009

Autolux
Great American Music Hall, San Francisco
April 25, 2009

Trans Am
Bottom of the Hill, San Francisco
March 29, 2009

Wintersleep
Hotel Utah, San Francisco
March 25, 2009

Primal Scream, Brian Jonestown Massacre
Fillmore, San Francisco
March 17, 2009

Moggs
Hemlock Tavern, San Francisco
March 15, 2009

Deerhunter, Lilofee
Mezzanine, San Francisco
Feb. 24, 2009

Modest Mouse
Fox Theater, Oakland
Feb. 22, 2009

Grails
Cafe Du Nord, San Francisco
Feb. 19, 2009

NOFX
Slim's, San Francisco
Feb. 10, 2009

Worker Bee, Tartufi, Doctor Nurse, The Ugly Winner
Gingerbread House, San Jose
Feb. 7, 2009

Enablers
Cafe Du Nord, San Francisco
Feb. 1, 2009

Ambience
Voodoo Lounge, San Jose
Jan. 29, 2009

Metallica
Oracle Arena, Oakland
Dec. 20, 2008

Wintersleep
Slim's, San Francisco
Nov. 24, 2008

Entrance Band, Rodriguez
Great American Music Hall, San Francisco
Nov. 23, 2008

Sigur Ros
Greek Theater, Berkeley
Oct. 3, 2008

Entrance Band, Megapuss, Little Joy
Independent, San Francisco
Sept. 28, 2008

Radiohead, Liars
Santa Barbara Bowl, Santa Barbara
Aug. 28, 2008

Radiohead, Liars
Cricket Amphitheatre, Chula Vista
Aug. 27, 2008

Radiohead, Liars
Hollywood Bowl, Hollywood
Aug. 25, 2008

Radiohead, Liars
Hollywood Bowl, Hollywood
Aug. 24, 2008

Entrance Band, Menomena, Broken Social Scene, Cold War Kids
Sunset Junction Festival, Santa Monica
Aug. 23, 2008

Radiohead
Outside Lands Festival, San Francisco
Aug. 22, 2008

Wolf Parade
Fillmore, San Francisco
July 17, 2008

Worker Bee, By Sunlight, Silian Rail
Gingerbread House, San Jose
July 11, 2008

Silian Rail, Decca Sequence, Touched By A Janitor
Hemlock Tavern, San Francisco
June 10, 2008

Dead Meadow, Hans Keller, Lumerians
The Blank Club, San Jose
May 23, 2008

Built For The Sea, Overview, Silian Rail
Great American Music Hall, San Francisco
May 17, 2008

Entrance Band
Henry Miller Library, Big Sur
May 10, 2008

Les Savy Fav, The Dodos
Great American Music Hall, San Francisco
April 27, 2008

Chow Nasty
Uptown, Oakland
April 25, 2008

Cat Power
Warfield, San Francisco
April 15, 2008

Lanterns, Daysleeper
Bike Kitchen, San Francisco
March 21, 2008

Hard Labor Fantasy Camp
John Patrick's, Alameda
March 8, 2008

Worker Bee
some warehouse, Oakland
March 7, 2008

Why?, Dose One
Great American Music Hall, San Francisco
March 6, 2008

Holy Fuck, A Place To Bury Strangers, White Denim, Veil Veil Vanish
Bottom of the Hill, San Francisco
Feb. 29, 2008

Entrance Band, The Mumlers, honey.moon.tree., Golden Animals
Cafe Du Nord, San Francisco
Feb. 27, 2008

Worker Bee
Bike Kitchen, San Francisco
Feb. 23, 2008

Hard Labor Fantasy Camp, Moons of Cronos, Orphans of Aliens
12 Galaxies, San Francisco
Feb. 21, 2008

Autolux, Wooden Shjips
Independent, San Francisco
Jan. 31, 2008

Worker Bee
San Jose Skate, San Jose
Jan. 19, 2008

Silversun Pickups
Club Six, San Francisco
Jan. 16, 2008

Silian Rail, Japandi, Lanterns, Planets
The Bike Kitchen, San Francisco
Jan. 11, 2008

Form & Fate
El Rio, San Francisco
Jan. 5, 2008

Tool, Trans Am
Bill Graham Civic Auditorium, San Francisco
Dec. 11, 2007

Worker Bee
Cafe Pergolessi, Santa Cruz
Dec. 7, 2007

Six Organs of Admittance
Amoeba, Berkeley
Dec. 6, 2007

Parker Street Cinema
Rasputin's, Berkeley
Dec. 6, 2007

Worker Bee, Silian Rail
Gingerbread House, San Jose
Nov. 9, 2007

Hard Labor Fantasy Camp, Orphans of Aliens, Outdegree, Tungsten SF, Ashamed
John Patrick's, Alameda
Nov. 3, 2007

Man Man, The Sleeping States
Slim's, San Francisco
Oct. 25, 2007

Blonde Redhead, Autolux
The Warfield, San Francisco
Oct. 24, 2007

Enablers
Eagle Tavern, San Francisco
Oct. 18, 2007

Boris, Damon & Naomi with Kurihara
Independent, San Francisco
Oct. 14, 2007

Om
Amoeba Music, San Francisco
Oct. 14, 2007

John Scofield
Yoshi's, Oakland
Oct. 12, 2007

Worker Bee, Hans Keller, Amonie, Tamale Hatchet, Gullible Servant
Coast Waves Beach
Sept. 23, 2007

High on Fire
Amoeba Music, San Francisco
Sept. 18, 2007

Wolf Parade
Glasshouse, Pomona
Sept. 15, 2007

Pinback
Amoeba Music, San Francisco
Sept. 12, 2007

Wolf Parade, Holy Fuck
Great American Music Hall, San Francisco
Sept. 12, 2007

Okkervil River
Amoeba Music, San Francisco
Sept. 6, 2007

Rock the Bells: Rage Against the Machine, Wu-Tang Clan, Public Enemy, Sage Francis, The Roots, Cypress Hill, Pharoahe Monch, Talib Kweli & Mos Def
McCovey Cove parking lot, San Francisco
Aug. 18, 2007

Projekt Revolution: My Chemical Romance, Placebo, HIM
Shoreline Amphitheatre, Mountain View
July 29, 2007

Enablers
Rite Spot, San Francisco

Slint
Bimbos, San Francisco
July 22, 2007

Arcade Fire, Electrelane
Greek Theatre, Berkeley
June 2, 2007

Hans Keller
First Street Billiards, San Jose

Bjork, Joanna Newsom
Shoreline Amphitheatre, Mountain View
May 19, 2007

Enablers
The Knockout, San Francisco
May 22, 2007

Modest Mouse, Man Man
San Jose State Event Center, San Jose
May 16, 2007

Hans Keller, Facepilot
Gingerbread House, San Jose

Explosions in the Sky
Slims, San Francisco
May 1, 2007

Tool
Reno Events Center, Reno, Nev.
April 30, 2007

Muse
Bill Graham Civic Auditorium, San Francisco
April 9, 2007

Isis
Bimbos, San Francisco
April 6, 2007

TV on the Radio
The Fillmore, San Francisco
March 29, 2007

Bright Eyes, Vetiver
Great American Music Hall, San Francisco
March 10, 2007

Brightblack Morning Light
Great American Music Hall, San Francisco
March 3, 2007

Autolux, Malajube, Snowden
Independent, San Francisco
March 2, 2007

Hans Keller, Zettaimu
Gingerbread House, San Jose

She Wants Revenge, Brazilian Girls
The Grand, San Francisco
Feb. 10, 2007

Enablers
Rite Spot, San Francisco

Autolux, Dead Meadow
Little Radio warehouse, Los Angeles
Dec. 31, 2006

Settler, Hans Keller, Worker Bee
Blank Club, San Jose
Dec. 30, 2006

Primus, Gogol Bordello
San Jose Civic Auditorium, San Jose
Dec. 5, 2006

Om
Slims, San Francisco
Dec. 1, 2006

Be the Riottt! Festival: Explosions in the Sky, Sage Francis, Girl Talk, Metric
Bill Graham Civic Auditorium, San Francisco
Nov. 11, 2006

Dredg
Streetlight Records, Campbell

Roger Waters
Shoreline Amphitheatre, Mountain View
Oct. 10, 2006

Massive Attack, DJ Shadow
Greek Theatre, Berkeley
Sept. 22, 2006

Tool, Isis
Oakland Arena, Oakland
Sept. 3, 2006

Zach Galifianakis
The Fillmore, San Francisco
Aug. 26, 2006

Wolf Parade, Frog Eyes
The Fillmore, San Francisco
Aug. 24, 2006

Nine Inch Nails, Bauhaus
Shoreline Amphitheatre, Mountain View
July 8, 2006

Radiohead
Greek Theatre, Berkeley
June 24, 2006

Radiohead
Greek Theatre, Berkeley
June 23, 2006

Bee and Flower
Rite Spot, San Francisco

The Streets, Lady Sovereign
The Fillmore, San Francisco
June 9, 2006

Mogwai
The Fillmore, San Francisco
May 27, 2006

Coachella: Tool, Daft Punk, Massive Attack, Mogwai, Yeah Yeah Yeahs, Los Amigos Invisibles, Wolf Parade, Metric, Atmosphere, Franz Ferdinand, My Morning Jacket, Wolfmother
Empire Polo Field, Indio
April 29-30, 2006

The Strokes
Concourse @ SF Design Center, San Francisco
March 24, 2006

Arctic Monkeys
Great American Music Hall, San Francisco
March 13, 2006

Wolf Parade
Independent, San Francisco
Jan. 4, 2006

Lovemakers, She Wants Revenge, Every Move a Picture
Mezzanine, San Francisco
Dec. 31, 2005

Fiona Apple
The Warfield, San Francisco
Nov. 25, 2005

Bauhaus
The Warfield, San Francisco
Oct. 26, 2005

Green Day, The Network
The Warfield, San Francisco
Oct. 13, 2005

Download Festival: Modest Mouse, Arcade Fire, Doves, British Sea Power
Shoreline Amphitheatre, Mountain View
Oct. 8, 2005

Sigur Ros
Paramount Theatre, Oakland
Oct. 1, 2005

Bloc Party
The Warfield, San Francisco
Sept. 22, 2005

Arcade Fire
The Warfield, San Francisco
Sept. 18, 2005

Interpol
San Jose Civic Auditorium, San Jose
Sept. 15, 2005

Sleater-Kinney
The Warfield, San Francisco
June 4, 2005

Pixies, the Bellrays
San Jose Civic Auditorium, San Jose
May 31, 2005

Nine Inch Nails
The Warfield, San Francisco
April 27, 2005

Slipknot
HP Pavilion, San Jose
April 12, 2005

Slint
Great American Music Hall, San Francisco
March 11, 2005

Interpol
The Warfield, San Francisco
Feb. 15, 2005

Interpol
The Warfield, San Francisco
Feb. 14, 2005

Live 105 Not So Silent Night: Modest Mouse, Franz Ferdinand, the Killers, Interpol, Muse, Taking Back Sunday
Bill Graham Civic Auditorium, San Francisco
Dec. 10, 2004

Snow Patrol, Eisley
The Fillmore, San Francisco
Oct. 2, 2004

Pixies
Greek Theatre, Berkeley
Sept. 24, 2004

Sleater-Kinney
The Fillmore, San Francisco
May 23, 2004

The Strokes
The Warfield, San Francisco
April 8, 2004

A Perfect Circle, Mars Volta
Bill Graham Civic Auditorium, San Francisco
April 3, 2004

Sleater-Kinney, Cat Power
Showbox, Seattle
Dec. 13, 2003

Spiritualized
Bimbos, San Francisco
Nov. 11, 2003

Radiohead
Shoreline Amphitheatre, Mountain View
Sept. 23, 2003

Radiohead (Thom Yorke solo at Live 105 studio session)
Metreon, San Francisco
Sept. 22, 2003

Radiohead
White River Amphitheatre, Auburn, Wash.
Aug. 31, 2003

Le Tigre
Slims, San Francisco
June 23, 2003

Field Day Music Festival: Radiohead, Beastie Boys, Blur, Underworld
Meadowlands Arena, New Jersey
June 7, 2003

Coldplay
Shoreline Amphitheatre, Mountain View
May 30, 2003

The White Stripes
The Warfield, San Francisco
April 29, 2003

Yeah Yeah Yeahs, Icarus Line, the Pattern
Great American Music Hall, San Francisco
April 21, 2003

Bad Religion
The Edge, Palo Alto
April 7, 2003

Supergrass, The Coral
Bimbos, San Francisco
March 23, 2003

Dave Chappelle
The Warfield, San Francisco
Feb. 15, 2003

Sleater-Kinney
Great American Music Hall, San Francisco
Feb. 4, 2003

Sigur Ros
The Warfield, San Francisco
Nov. 23, 2002

The Strokes
Bill Graham Civic Auditorium
Oct. 31, 2002

Sleater-Kinney
Showbox, Seattle
Sept. 28, 2002

Jon Spencer Blues Explosion, Yeah Yeah Yeahs, Liars
The Fillmore, San Francisco
Sept. 20, 2002

Gene
Bimbos, San Francisco
Sept. 4, 2002

Coldplay
Bimbos, San Francisco
Aug. 18, 2002

Warped Tour: NOFX
Pier 30, San Francisco
July 13, 2002

Tool, Tomahawk
Oakland Arena, Oakland
July 12, 2002

The Shins
Great American Music Hall, San Francisco
April 26, 2002

Sage Francis
Bottom of the Hill, San Francisco
April 6, 2002

Spiritualized
The Warfield, San Francisco
April 5, 2002

Clouddead
Great American Music Hall, San Francisco
March 28, 2002

Bad Religion
The Warfield, San Francisco
March 27, 2002

Sleater-Kinney
Great American Music Hall, San Francisco
Jan. 15, 2002

Weezer, Tenacious D, Jimmy Eat World
San Jose State Event Center, San Jose
Nov. 19, 2001

Spiritualized
The Fillmore, San Francisco
Nov. 11, 2001

Sigur Ros
The Warfield, San Francisco
Oct. 4, 2001

Green Day
Bill Graham Civic Auditorium, San Francisco
Aug. 5, 2001

Air
The Warfield, San Francisco
July 9, 2001

Radiohead
Shoreline Amphitheatre, Mountain View
June 27, 2001

Tortoise
The Fillmore, San Francisco
June 5, 2001

Sigur Ros
The Fillmore, San Francisco
May 2, 2001

Outkast
San Jose State Event Center, San Jose
March 26, 2001

MXPX, Good Charlotte, Slick Shoes
The Fillmore, San Francisco
March 23, 2001

Weezer
Bill Graham Civic Auditorium, San Francisco
March 17, 2001

NOFX
Slims, San Francisco
March 8, 2001

Doves
Bimbos, San Francisco
March 7, 2001

NOFX
Slims, San Francisco
March 5, 2001

A Perfect Circle
San Jose State Event Center, San Jose
Feb. 8, 2001

Marilyn Manson
San Jose State Event Center, San Jose
Jan. 8, 2001

Live 105 Not So Silent Night: AFI, Disturbed, Deftones, Papa Roach, Green Day
Bill Graham Civic Auditorium, San Francisco
Dec. 15, 2000

Modest Mouse
The Fillmore, San Francisco
Oct. 8, 2000

Bad Religion
Pioneer Center, Reno, Nev.
Oct. 7, 2000

Bad Religion
The Warfield, San Francisco
Oct. 6, 2000

Fear, D.I.
Maritime Hall, San Francisco
Sept. 22, 2000

Elastica, Meat Puppets
The Fillmore, San Francisco
Sept. 20, 2000

Jurassic 5
The Fillmore, San Francisco
Sept. 18, 2000

A Perfect Circle
The Warfield, San Francisco
Sept. 6, 2000

Suicidal Tendencies
Maritime Hall, San Francisco
Sept. 1, 2000

Warped Tour: NOFX, Bad Religion, Anti-Flag, No Use for a Name
Pier 30, San Francisco
July 1, 2000

Bad Religion, Blink 182
Oakland Arena, Oakland
June 21, 2000

Sleater-Kinney
The Fillmore, San Francisco
June 8, 2000

Nine Inch Nails
Cow Palace, San Francisco
June 7, 2000

Stereolab
The Warfield, San Francisco
May 17, 2000

Fiona Apple, Jurassic 5
The Warfield, San Francisco
March 22, 2000

Misfits, Gwar
Martime Hall, San Francisco
Oct. 18, 1999

Dance Hall Crashers
The Fillmore, San Francisco
Sept. 18, 1999

Living Legends
Maritime Hall
July 29, 1999

Napalm Death
Maritime Hall, San Francisco
April 7, 1999

Bad Religion
Maritime Hall, San Francisco
Jan. 16, 1999

Sepultura
Maritime Hall, San Francisco
Oct. 2, 1998

Beastie Boys
Oakland Arena, Oakland
Sept. 13, 1998

Tool
San Jose State Event Center
Aug. 27, 1998

Bauhaus
The Warfield, San Francisco
Aug. 17, 1998

Tricky
The Warfield, San Francisco
Aug. 16, 1998

Salmon
The Edge, Palo Alto
July 9, 1998

Warped Tour: Bad Religion, NOFX
Pier 30, San Francisco
July 5, 1998

Norm MacDonald
Palace of Fine Arts, San Francisco
May 22, 1998

Link 80, Subincision for Nick Traina tribute show
Slims, San Francisco
May 16, 1998

Suicide Machines
Slims, San Francisco
April 28, 1998

Radiohead, Spiritualized
Bill Graham Civic Auditorium, San Francisco
April 2, 1998

Portishead
The Warfield, San Francisco
March 31, 1998

Mr. T Experience
Slims, San Francisco
March 21, 1998

NOFX
Trocadero, San Francisco
Jan. 29, 1998

Portishead
The Warfield, San Francisco
Dec. 16, 1997

Atari Teenage Riot
Slims, San Francisco
Dec. 12, 1997

Almost Acoustic Christmas: The Cure
San Jose State Event Center
Dec. 8, 1997

The Verve
The Warfield, San Francisco
Nov. 20, 1997

Morrissey
The Warfield, San Francisco
Oct. 7, 1997

Deftones
Bottom of the Hill, San Francisco
Sept. 23, 1997

Radiohead, Teenage Fanclub
The Warfield, San Francisco
July 27, 1997

Suicide Machines
Slims, San Francisco
May 30, 1997

Suede (free show)
Justin Herman Plaza, San Francisco
May 25, 1997

Misanthropists, Christian Prohibition, Godstomper
Lavalle's Pizza, Berkeley
May 13, 1997

Pavement
The Warfield, San Francisco
April 17, 1997

D.I., Link 80
Club Cocodrie, San Francisco
April 12, 1997

Misanthropists
924 Gilman, Berkeley
March 28, 1997

Blur
The Fillmore, San Francisco
March 20, 1997

Babyland, Wet Nap
924 Gilman, Berkeley
March 7, 1997

Angry Samoans, Subincision
924 Gilman, Berkeley
Feb. 8, 1997

D.I., Link 80, Oppressed Logic
Club Cocodrie, San Francisco
Feb. 8, 1997

Link 80, Subincision, Struggle Buggies
Club Cocodrie, San Francisco
Jan. 25, 1997

Marilyn Manson
The Warfield, San Francisco
Jan. 22, 1997

Marilyn Manson
The Warfield, San Francisco
Jan. 21, 1997

Link 80, Hellbillies
924 Gilman, Berkeley
Jan. 17, 1997

Mr. T Experience
Slims, San Francisco
Jan. 10, 1997

AFI, Swingin Utters, El Dopa
924 Gilman, Berkeley
Jan. 4, 1997

Human Beans, Christian Prohibition
924 Gilman, Berkeley
Dec. 27, 1996

Deftones, Orange 9mm
Maritime Hall, San Francisco
Dec. 20, 1996

Suicide Machines, Link 80
Bottom of the Hill, San Francisco
Dec. 16, 1996

Live 105 Green Christmas: Fiona Apple, Failure, Lemonheads, Mazzy Star, Allen Ginsberg, Orbital, Republica, eels, Cake, Beck, Chemical Brothers
Cow Palace, San Francisco
Dec. 15, 1996

Smashing Pumpkins, Garbage
Cow Palace, San Francisco
Dec. 14, 1996

Smashing Pumpkins, Garbage
Cow Palace, San Francisco
Dec. 14, 1996

Citizen Fish, Wet Nap
924 Gilman, Berkeley
Nov. 30, 1996

Hellbillies, Subincision
924 Gilman, Berkeley
Nov. 15, 1996

Mr. T Experience
Trocadero, San Francisco
Oct. 4, 1996

Skankin' Pickle
Trocadero, San Francisco
Sept. 28, 1996

The Queers, Swingin' Utters, Strugglers
Trocadero, San Francisco
Sept. 27, 1996

Link 80, Wet Nap
Club Cocodrie, San Francisco (daytime ) & Chateau Co-op, Berkeley (nighttime)
Sept. 21, 1996

Link 80
924 Gilman, Berkeley
Sept. 14, 1996

Lush
The Fillmore, San Francisco
Sept. 7, 1996

Link 80
Bottom of the Hill, San Francisco
Sept. 6, 1996

Rudiments, Human Beans, Otter Pops
Epicenter, San Francisco
Aug. 31, 1996

Love & Rockets
The Edge, Palo Alto
Aug. 29, 1996

Sex Pistols
Shoreline Amphitheatre, Mountain View
Aug. 27, 1996

Mr. T Experience, the Fastbacks
Bottom of the Hill, San Francisco
Aug. 25, 1996

AFI, Redemption 87
Slims, San Francisco
Aug. 17, 1996

Misanthropists, Godstomper
924 Gilman, Berkeley
Aug. 16, 1996

The Cure
San Jose Arena, San Jose
Aug. 5, 1996

Lollapalooza: Devo, Metallica, Soundgarden, Ramones, Rancid
Spartan Stadium, San Jose
Aug. 2, 1996

Live 105 morning concert: Ash, Poe, Spacehog, Goldfinger
Bimbos, San Francisco
Aug. 2, 1996

Ash (free show)
Union Square, San Francisco
Aug. 1, 1996

D.I.
Trocadero, San Francisco
July 28, 1996

The Vandals
Trocadero, San Francisco
July 14, 1996

The Specials
The Fillmore, San Francisco
July 2, 1996

AFI
Trocadero, San Francisco
June 22, 1996

BFD: Afghan Whigs, Dance Hall Crashers, Garbage, Lush, Local H, No Doubt, Stabbing Westward, Bracket, Mr. T Experience, Crumb, Imperial Teen, Skankin' Pickle
Shoreline Amphitheatre, Mountain View
June 14, 1996

The Queers
Trocadero, San Francisco
June 8, 1996

Suicide Machines, Link 80, Struggle Buggies
Trocadero, San Francisco
May 28, 1996

D.I.
Berkeley Square, Berkeley
May 17, 1996

Foo Fighters
The Warfield, San Francisco
April 19, 1996

Lush
The Fillmore, San Francisco
April 15, 1996

Red Hot Chili Peppers, Toadies
Cow Palace, San Francisco
April 6, 1996

Fear
Slims, San Francisco
March 31, 1996

Skankin' Pickle, Janitors Against Apartheid, Rudiments
Trocadero, San Francisco
Feb. 17, 1996

Subincision, Oppressed Logic
924 Gilman, Berkeley
Feb. 16, 1996

Smashing Pumpkins
Kezar Pavilion, San Francisco
Feb. 6, 1996

Oppressed Logic, The Need, The Young & the Useless
924 Gilman, Berkeley
Feb. 3, 1996

Blur
The Fillmore, San Francisco
Jan. 29, 1996

AFI, Struggle Buggies, Heckle
924 Gilman, Berkeley
Dec. 30, 1995

Rancid
The Fillmore, San Francisco
Dec. 12, 1995

Rancid, AFI, Redemption 87
The Fillmore, San Francisco
Dec. 11, 1995

Jawbreaker
The Fillmore, San Francisco
Nov. 25, 1995

Sake
924 Gilman, Berkeley
Nov. 18, 1995

David Bowie, Nine Inch Nails
Shoreline Amphitheatre, Mountain View
Oct. 21, 1995

Elastica
The Fillmore, San Francisco
Oct. 18, 1995

Dance Hall Crashers
The Fillmore, San Francisco
Oct. 13, 1995

Marilyn Manson
Trocadero, San Francisco
Oct. 2, 1995

Babes in Toyland (free show)
Parking lot at First and Harrison streets, San Francisco
Sept. 30, 1995

PJ Harvey
The Warfield, San Francisco
Sept. 29, 1995

Karma Concert: Filter, Goo Goo Dolls
Concord Pavilion, Concord
Sept. 15, 1995

Lollapalooza: Sonic Youth, Hole, Pavement, Cypress Hill, Elastica, Jesus Lizard, Mighty Mighty Bosstones, Beck
Shoreline Amphitheatre, Mountain View
Aug. 18, 1995

Mr. T Experience, Samiam
Berkeley Square, Berkeley
Aug. 11, 1995

Gene, Ivy (free show)
Union Square, San Francisco
July 21, 1995

Peter Murphy, Jewel
The Warfield, San Francisco
July 11, 1995

Nitzer Ebb
The Edge, Palo Alto
June 30, 1995

BFD: Bush, Catherine Wheel, Elastica, Phunk Junkeez, No Use for a Name
Shoreline Amphitheatre, Mountain View
June 9, 1995

Beastie Boys, Bad Brains
Oakland Coliseum, Oakland
May 31, 1995

Green Day, Pansy Division
Henry J. Kaiser Arena, Oakland
May 28, 1995

311, Korn, Salmon
Great American Music Hall, San Francisco
May 24, 1995

PJ Harvey
The Warfield, San Francisco
May 19, 1995

Siouxsie & the Banshees
The Warfield, San Francisco
April 10, 1995

Radiohead (free show)
Justin Herman Plaza, San Francisco
April 3, 1995

Melvins, Acid King
Trocadero, San Francisco
April 1, 1995

Danzig, Marilyn Manson, Korn
The Warfield, San Francisco
March 24, 1995

Suede
The Fillmore, San Francisco
March 5, 1995

Marilyn Manson
The Edge, Palo Alto
Jan. 22, 1995

L7
Slims, San Francisco
Dec. 21, 1994

Hole, Veruca Salt
The Fillmore, San Francisco
Nov. 11, 1994

Nine Inch Nails, Marilyn Manson
San Jose State Event Center, San Jose
Oct. 1, 1994

Lollapalooza 1994 –Smashing Pumpkins, Beastie Boys, Green Day, Breeders, Tribe Called Quest, L7, Nick Cave & The Bad Seeds,
Shoreline Amphitheatre, Mountain View
Aug. 27, 1994

Melvins
Slims, San Francisco
Aug. 2, 1994

Nine Inch Nails
The Warfield, San Francisco
April 23, 1994

Nirvana, Butthole Surfers, Chokebore
Oakland Coliseum, Oakland
Dec. 31, 1993

Nirvana, L7, the Breeders, Disposable Heroes of Hiphoprisy
The Cow Palace, San Francisco
April 9, 1993